How are neurotransmitters classified based on their chemical structure?

Neurotransmitters play a crucial role in relaying messages between neurons in the nervous system, and they are classified based on their chemical structure. The main categories include amino acids, peptides, monoamines, and gases. Amino acid neurotransmitters, such as glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), are derived from amino acids and are involved in fast signal transmission. Peptide neurotransmitters, such as endorphins and substance P, are larger molecules made up of chains of amino acids and are involved in regulating pain, emotion, and mood. Monoamines, including serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, are synthesized from amino acids and are essential for various functions such as mood, arousal, and sleep. Lastly, gases like nitric oxide and carbon monoxide also act as neurotransmitters, mainly involved in regulatory functions. Understanding the chemical structure of neurotransmitters helps in comprehending their specific roles and interactions within the complex network of the nervous system.

This mind map was published on 19 December 2023 and has been viewed 51 times.