Sleep is a complex process that involves several stages characterized by different brain wave patterns, levels of physical and emotional activity, and physiological responses. The five stages of sleep are commonly classified as non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The NREM stage has three stages from the relaxed, drowsy state between wakefulness and sleep to deep sleep. The REM stage is the stage in which dreams occur, and it is characterized by rapid eye movements, increased heart rate, and respiratory rate. The stages of sleep cycle through every 90 minutes or so throughout the night, and each stage is essential for physical and mental health.
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