What are the main processes involved in gene expression?

Gene expression refers to the complex series of processes through which information encoded within a gene is used to produce a functional gene product, such as a protein. The main processes involved in gene expression include transcription, RNA processing, and translation. Transcription occurs in the nucleus, during which the DNA sequence of a gene is used as a template to generate a complementary RNA molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA). RNA processing involves modifications made to the primary RNA transcript, including the removal of non-coding regions (introns) and the addition of a protective cap and a poly-A tail. The processed mRNA is then transported to the cytoplasm, where translation takes place. In translation, the mRNA sequence is read by ribosomes, and the corresponding amino acids are assembled to form a polypeptide chain, eventually folding into a functional protein. These processes are crucial for the expression of genes and play a fundamental role in various cellular functions and biological processes.

This mind map was published on 12 October 2023 and has been viewed 100 times.