What were the significant amendments made to the Indian constitution?

The Indian constitution, adopted in 1950, has experienced many significant amendments over the years, reflecting the changing needs and circumstances of the nation. Some of the notable amendments include the 42nd Amendment Act of 1976, which introduced several changes like the inclusion of "socialist," "secular," and "integrity" in the preamble, and enhanced the powers of the central government. The 44th Amendment Act of 1978 sought to rectify the excesses of the previous amendment by restoring certain fundamental rights and curbing the executive authority. The 73rd and 74th Amendment Acts of 1992 marked a significant shift by providing constitutional recognition to local self-governments, empowering rural and urban local bodies and promoting grassroots democracy. Additionally, the 86th Amendment Act of 2002 made education a fundamental right for children aged 6 to 14 years, aiming to ensure universal access to quality education. These amendments, along with many others, have played a crucial role in shaping and strengthening India's democratic framework.

This mind map was published on 9 October 2023 and has been viewed 51 times.