What are the stages of the narrative structure in Propp's analysis?

Propp's analysis of narrative structure outlines seven distinct stages. The first stage is usually the "absentation" in which a character or object is missing or absent, setting the story in motion. This is followed by the "interdiction" stage, where a command or prohibition is put in place, setting boundaries for the characters. Next comes the "violation" stage, in which the interdiction is broken, leading to complications and conflict. The fourth stage is "villainy," where the antagonist's evil intentions are revealed, creating further obstacles for the protagonist. This is followed by the "mediation" stage, where a helpful character or object comes into play, helping to resolve the conflict. The "struggle" stage depicts the battle between the protagonist and antagonist, leading to the final stage, which is the "return" or resolution, where peace is restored, and loose ends are tied up. These stages help breakdown the narrative structure and provide insight into the progression of the story.

Narrative Structure Stages Propp's Analysis Functions Characters