How does functional complementation work?

Functional complementation is a technique used to study a gene or protein's function. It involves introducing a mutated or deleted gene into a cell and observing whether the introduced gene can restore normal function to the cell. If the introduced gene is able to restore normal function, it is said to have functionally complemented the mutated or deleted gene, indicating that they have similar functions. This technique allows researchers to identify genes that are involved in the same biological pathway or process and can shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying a disease or cellular process.

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