How do microorganisms break down organic matter in compost?

Microorganisms play a crucial role in breaking down organic matter in compost. When organic waste is piled up, a diverse community of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms begin the process of decomposition. Bacteria, such as thermophiles, initiate the breakdown by generating heat, causing the compost to reach high temperatures. This, in turn, attracts mesophilic bacteria, which thrive in slightly lower temperatures and help break down complex carbohydrates. Fungi, specifically molds and yeast, aid in the decomposition of tougher materials like lignin and cellulose. As microorganisms break down the organic matter, they release enzymes that break apart complex molecules into simpler compounds. These simpler compounds are then recycled into the compost, becoming essential nutrients for plants. Ultimately, microorganisms are responsible for transforming organic waste into nutrient-rich compost, promoting healthy soil and sustainable agriculture.

This mind map was published on 25 July 2023 and has been viewed 121 times.