Rational numbers are numbers that can be expressed as a fraction, where both the numerator and the denominator are integers. These numbers include positive and negative integers, decimals, and fractions. Unlike irrational numbers, which cannot be expressed as fractions, rational numbers can be written in the form a/b, where a and b are integers and b is not equal to zero. Examples of rational numbers include 1/2, -3, 0.25, and 7/8. Rational numbers can be plotted on a number line and can be used in various mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
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