What is a statistical hypothesis?

A statistical hypothesis is a statement about the population based on sample data. It is a proposition that either states that there is an association between variables or that there is no association. The hypothesis can also be a statement about the value of a parameter, such as the mean or the standard deviation of the population. The purpose of a statistical hypothesis is to guide data analysis and hypothesis testing, which aims to provide evidence that supports or refutes the hypothesis. These tests are important for making decisions based on data and for understanding the relationship between variables.

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