What is the law of universal gravitation?

The law of universal gravitation, formulated by Sir Isaac Newton in 1687, is a fundamental physical principle that describes the force of gravity between any two objects in the universe. According to this law, every particle of matter in the universe attracts every other particle with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. Essentially, this means that all objects with mass exert a gravitational pull on each other, regardless of their sizes or locations. The law of universal gravitation not only explains the motions of celestial bodies, such as planets orbiting the Sun, but also influences everyday phenomena on Earth, like the falling of objects and tides in the ocean.

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