The cell cycle is divided into four main phases: G1 (gap 1), S (synthesis), G2 (gap 2), and M (mitosis). In the G1 phase, the cell grows, carries out its normal functions, and prepares for DNA replication. The S phase is when DNA replication occurs, resulting in the duplication of chromosomes. The G2 phase is a period of further growth and preparation for cell division. Finally, the M phase consists of mitosis, where the cell's nucleus divides, followed by cytokinesis, where the cytoplasm divides, producing two daughter cells. These phases ensure the orderly progression of the cell cycle and the accurate division of genetic material.
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