A factorial is a mathematical operation represented by an exclamation mark (!) that is used to calculate the product of all positive integers up to a given number. For example, the factorial of 4 (4!) can be calculated as 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 24. Factorials are commonly used in probability, statistics and combinatorics to calculate the number of possible combinations or arrangements of objects. Factorials can also be used to solve complex mathematical problems such as calculating the coefficients in a binomial expansion.
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