What are water-soluble vitamins?

Water-soluble vitamins refer to a group of vitamins that dissolve in water and can be easily absorbed by the body. These include vitamin C and all eight B vitamins, including thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6), biotin (B7), folic acid (B9), and cobalamin (B12). Unlike fat-soluble vitamins, water-soluble vitamins are not stored in large amounts in the body and need to be consumed regularly through the diet or supplements. These vitamins play essential roles in energy metabolism, immune function, cell growth, and various enzymatic reactions, and their excess amounts are excreted through urine.

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