How are neurotransmitters classified based on their function?

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that play a crucial role in transmitting signals between neurons, enabling communication within the nervous system. Based on their function, neurotransmitters can be broadly classified into two categories: excitatory and inhibitory. Excitatory neurotransmitters, such as glutamate, promote the generation of electrical impulses in the postsynaptic neuron, enhancing neuronal activity and contributing to the overall excitability of the nervous system. Conversely, inhibitory neurotransmitters, such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), dampen neuronal activity by reducing the likelihood of postsynaptic firing, thus balancing and regulating neural excitability. This classification of neurotransmitters based on their function is essential for maintaining proper communication and equilibrium within the nervous system, allowing for the precise orchestration of various physiological and cognitive processes.

This mind map was published on 4 December 2023 and has been viewed 53 times.