What are viruses?

Viruses are small infectious agents that replicate inside living cells of organisms. They consist of genetic material, either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a protein coat called a capsid. Viruses are not considered living organisms because they cannot carry out metabolic functions on their own and require a host cell to replicate. They infect a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and bacteria, causing diseases such as the flu, common cold, and COVID-19. Vaccines are often used to prevent viral infections by stimulating the immune system to recognize and destroy viruses before they can cause illness.
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