How do biological rhythms affect parasite infections in marine fishes?

Biological rhythms such as daily and seasonal patterns of behavior, physiology, and metabolism have been shown to influence parasite infections in marine fishes. These rhythms affect the host's immune system, including the production and migration of immune cells and the secretion of immune-related compounds, which in turn affect the susceptibility and resistance of the host to parasite infections. Moreover, the rhythms of the parasites themselves, such as their reproduction and developmental cycles, can be synchronized with those of their hosts, enhancing their transmission and survival. Therefore, understanding how biological rhythms interact with parasite infections in marine fishes is crucial for predicting and managing disease outbreaks in wild and farm-raised fish populations.

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