Uranium decays over time through a process known as radioactive decay. Specifically, uranium-238, the most common isotope of uranium, undergoes alpha decay, emitting an alpha particle (two protons and two neutrons) from its nucleus to transform into thorium-234. This is just the first step in a series of decays that eventually lead to the stable isotope lead-206. The entire decay process for uranium-238 takes billions of years to complete, with uranium-238 having a half-life of about 4.5 billion years.
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