Mauryan art and architecture refer to the unique artistic and architectural styles that emerged during the Mauryan Empire, which ruled over most of the Indian subcontinent from 322 BCE to 185 BCE. Mauryan art is characterized by the use of stone, mainly sandstone and polished granite, to create monumental and impressive structures such as pillars, stupas, and rock-cut caves. The architecture of this period is renowned for its innovative techniques, including the use of ashlar masonry, corbelling, and vaulted roofs, and is considered to be the foundation of Indian architecture as it greatly influenced the development of later styles. The art and architecture of the Mauryan Empire reflects the aspirations of a powerful imperial state and its desire to impress its subjects and foreign visitors with spectacular feats of construction and craftsmanship.
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